During seamless transfers, what types of converters must be included for proper protection against backfeeding?

In the context of seamless transfers in marine electrical systems, including proper protection against backfeeding is crucial to ensure safety and functionality. The correct choice identifies the inclusion of AC shore power converters and/or inverters as essential components for this purpose.

AC shore power converters and inverters play a pivotal role in managing the transition between different power sources, such as shore power and generator power. During a seamless transfer, these devices help to ensure that there is no direct electrical connection that could allow power to flow back into the shoreline supply, which could potentially damage equipment or create hazardous conditions.

These converters and inverters not only facilitate the conversion of power but also include safety mechanisms such as transfer switches and interlocks that prevent backfeeding. This means that when the power source changes, the system automatically shifts from one source to another while isolating the two to prevent any backflow of electricity.

The other options, while relevant to various aspects of power management in marine systems, do not specifically address the seamless transfer process or backfeeding protection as effectively as AC shore power converters and inverters do. For example, DC to AC converters and battery inverters provide important roles in power conversion but might not comprehensively handle the complexities of safely switching between multiple operational power sources. Transformers,