How must high current conductors be physically separated when fixed directly to a surface?

High current conductors must be physically separated by a distance of 4 inches when fixed directly to a surface to reduce the risk of overheating and to ensure safe operation. This separation helps to minimize electromagnetic interference and the potential for overheating due to the close proximity of conductors carrying large currents. The 4-inch separation standard is well established in order to maintain safety and efficiency in electrical installations.

Understanding the importance of maintaining proper spacing is essential for preventing electrical faults and ensuring that systems operate within safe temperature limits. Adequate spacing allows for proper heat dissipation and reduces the chance of accidental contact that could lead to short circuits or other hazardous situations.