In an electrical system, what does high total harmonic distortion signify?

High total harmonic distortion (THD) in an electrical system signifies potential equipment damage because it indicates the presence of harmonic frequencies in the electrical current that deviate from the fundamental frequency. These harmonics can cause overheating, inefficiencies, and instability within electrical systems and equipment, such as motors and transformers. When the harmonic currents exceed acceptable levels, they can lead to overheating of components, premature failure, and increased maintenance costs. Thus, monitoring and managing THD is critical to ensuring the longevity and reliability of electrical equipment.

The other options are not accurate in the context of high total harmonic distortion. Improved energy efficiency typically occurs at lower THD levels, whereas reduced voltage levels are often a result of other issues, not directly tied to THD itself. Lower power consumption would also not be a direct consequence of high THD; in fact, the opposite is often true, as higher harmonic currents can lead to increased losses in the system.