What does the term "grounded conductor" refer to in AC systems?

The term "grounded conductor" in AC systems specifically refers to a conductor that is intentionally maintained at ground potential. This means that this conductor is connected to the earth or to some other device that directs excess current away safely. The grounding provides a reference point for electrical systems and helps protect against electric shocks, short circuits, and other electrical faults.

Grounded conductors serve critical safety functions, allowing fault currents to flow safely to the ground. This can prevent dangerous voltage build-up in normal operation and protect equipment from damage in case of an electrical fault. By ensuring this conductor is at ground potential, it promotes stability within the electrical system and helps maintain the overall safety of the installation.

The context surrounding the term "grounded conductor" does not align with the other choices. For instance, while a current-carrying conductor may play a role in the circuit, it is not specifically what defines a grounded conductor. Similarly, a conductor maintaining no voltage doesn't necessarily indicate a grounded state, and a conductor that alternately carries current does not convey the same safety characteristics as one that is directly grounded.